Quantum technologies hold immense promise for revolutionizing space exploration but also present significant technical and logistical challenges. While quantum computing is still in its developmental phase, facing hurdles like error rates and scalability, the potential applications in space are far-reaching. Quantum systems offer unique advantages for addressing some of the most complex problems in space, from long-distance communication to securing data and assets. This convergence of space and quantum tech marks the beginning of a new era where both industries will collaborate to overcome barriers and unlock unprecedented opportunities.
Many organizations are working toward this endeavour – here are ten companies leading the charge:
Boeing
Founded: 1916 | Headquarters: Chicago, Illinois, USA
Boeing is advancing quantum networking technology with its Q4S satellite mission, set to launch in 2026. This mission will test quantum entanglement swapping in space, a major leap in secure global quantum communication. The company envisions using this technology in deep space missions and satellite constellations for secure and precise communication systems.
Q-CTRL
Founded: 2017 | Headquarters: Sydney, Australia
Q-CTRL specializes in quantum control infrastructure, developing software to stabilize quantum hardware, particularly in environments like space where particles are more susceptible to interference. The company works with space agencies to create quantum sensors and communication systems capable of functioning reliably in space.
In 2021, Q-CTRL raised $25 million in Series B funding to support its work in quantum control solutions with applications in space communications.
Arqit
Founded: 2017 | Headquarters: London, United Kingdom
Arqit is advancing quantum encryption technology through its QuantumCloud platform, offering secure satellite communication using quantum key distribution (QKD). This technology enables secure data transfer in space applications, providing a solution to the growing need for encrypted communications in space missions and commercial satellite operations.
In 2021, Arqit merged with Centricus Acquisition Corp. to raise $400 million to further develop its quantum encryption technologies for space.
Infleqtion
Founded: 2007 | Headquarters: Boulder, Colorado, USA
Infleqtion, previously known as ColdQuanta, focuses on cold atom quantum technology, critical for next-generation quantum sensors and timing systems used in space exploration. These sensors assist with precise space navigation and communication, offering high-precision tools for satellite guidance and Earth observation missions. NASA uses Infleqtion’s scalable and versatile cold atom technology on the International Space Station.
In 2022, Infleqtion secured $110 million in Series B funding to continue developing its quantum sensing technology for space.
RHEA Group
Founded: 1992 | Headquarters: Wavre, Belgium
RHEA Group is an established player in the space industry, focusing on secure satellite communication and system integration. In collaboration with SpeQtral, RHEA is working on a quantum-safe communication link between Singapore and Europe using SpeQtral’s satellite. This collaboration aims to demonstrate intercontinental quantum key distribution (QKD) to improve the security of space-related data transmission.
SBQuantum
Founded: 2018 | Headquarters: Sherbrooke, Canada
SBQuantum is advancing quantum diamond magnetometer technology, which has potential applications in space exploration. Their technology allows for precise magnetic field detection, aiding in navigation and exploration. In recent developments, SBQuantum secured contracts with the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) to further develop their quantum magnetometer technology for space missions.
Thales Alenia Space
Founded: 2007 | Headquarters: Cannes, France
Thales Alenia Space is a leading European space company that designs, manufactures and delivers a wide range of advanced satellite-based systems and services for various space applications. The company is actively working on quantum computing and developing quantum key generation, distribution, and management equipment and the associated communication encryption devices, as well as defining the architecture of these quantum communication infrastructures. They are leading the European Space Agency’s TeQuantS project to develop quantum technologies for cybersecurity applications and future quantum information networks.
Microsoft (Azure Quantum)
Release date: 2021 | Headquarters: Redmond, USA
Microsoft is researching the possibility of creating a quantum computer using topological qubits. It has also released Microsoft Azure which gives cloud access to other quantum computers. Microsoft’s Azure Quantum is collaborating with the space industry to enhance satellite design, mission planning, and data processing through quantum computing. NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) is working with Azure Quantum to improve communication efficiency with spacecraft exploring the solar system and beyond.
Aegiq
Release date: 2019 | Headquarters: Sheffield, UK
Aegiq offers compact and energy-efficient photonic quantum computers, integrated photonics solutions, and application toolkits. The company’s product, Atlas is a specialized software tool that helps in planning, designing, and analyzing satellite-based quantum communication networks. It addresses several critical aspects of space-based quantum communications.
As quantum technologies advance, their integration into space applications is expected to accelerate breakthroughs across multiple domains, from cryptography to complex data analysis. However, this transition requires overcoming both technical limitations and the unique constraints of space missions. Companies that successfully navigate these challenges stand to pioneer new frontiers in space exploration and beyond. By building on foundational quantum innovations and fostering cross-sector collaboration, the space industry can harness quantum’s full potential to explore the cosmos more effectively, securely, and sustainably.
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